Effect of Residence Time and Enzyme Load on the Synthesis of Fructo-oligosaccharides in an Enzymatic Membrane Reactor – Summary
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With the rise of health-conscious consumer attitudes, functional foods with beneficial effects are gaining popularity, which have been shown to have a positive impact on health and may reduce the risk of developing various diseases. In our research, we focused on oligosaccharides within the prebiotic food groups, in particular fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS). Enzymatic synthesis of FOS from sucrose can be carried out in batch or continuous reactors. In order to meet market needs, large-scale industrial production requires targeted research on the optimisation of various operational parameters that maximize conversion rates. In this study, we investigated the conversion of sucrose into fructo-oligosaccharides in batch and continuous reactors with respect to operational parameters that have a major influence on the yield of fructo-oligosaccharides. The sucrose to fructo-oligosaccharide conversion in a continuous enzyme membrane reactor was investigated by varying the enzyme load (5–40 g/kg) and the residence time (1.1 h–2.0 h). The carbohydrate composition of the resulting products was investigated by high performance liquid chromatography. During the synthesis in a batch stirred tank reactor, the sucrose concentration was more than halved compared to the initial concentration, while fructo-oligosaccharides were present in the product at approximately 45%. Our results indicate that although the enzyme membrane reactor underperformes stirred-tank reactors in term of product yield (45% vs 9.5–40.5%), it allows the production of enzyme-free FOS in a continuous fashion. With the use of higher enzyme concentrations and/or longer residence times, fructo-oligosaccharides with a higher degree of polymerisation (GF3) have also appeared in the product flow. The results were used to determine the optimal settings of operational parameters, such as residence time and enzyme load, to achieve the highest possible conversion.
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